อัปเดต (24 พฤษภาคม 2558):หลังจากสามปีที่ผ่านมาฉันตรวจสอบสาเหตุที่แท้จริงของอาร์เรย์ RAID 1 ที่กำลังลดระดับลง
tl; dr: หนึ่งในไดรฟ์ไม่ดีและฉันไม่ได้สังเกตสิ่งนี้เพราะฉันได้ทำการทดสอบพื้นผิวเต็มรูปแบบในไดรฟ์ที่ดี
สามปีที่แล้วฉันไม่คิดว่าจะตรวจสอบบันทึกใด ๆ เกี่ยวกับปัญหา I / O ถ้าฉันคิดว่าจะตรวจสอบ/var/log/syslogฉันจะได้เห็นบางสิ่งเช่นนี้เมื่อmdadmเลิกสร้างอาร์เรย์:
May 24 14:08:32 node51 kernel: [51887.853786] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdi] Unhandled sense code
May 24 14:08:32 node51 kernel: [51887.853794] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdi]
May 24 14:08:32 node51 kernel: [51887.853798] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
May 24 14:08:32 node51 kernel: [51887.853802] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdi]
May 24 14:08:32 node51 kernel: [51887.853805] Sense Key : Medium Error [current]
May 24 14:08:32 node51 kernel: [51887.853812] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdi]
May 24 14:08:32 node51 kernel: [51887.853815] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error
May 24 14:08:32 node51 kernel: [51887.853819] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdi] CDB:
May 24 14:08:32 node51 kernel: [51887.853822] Read(10): 28 00 00 1b 6e 00 00 00 01 00
May 24 14:08:32 node51 kernel: [51887.853836] end_request: critical medium error, dev sdi, sector 14381056
May 24 14:08:32 node51 kernel: [51887.853849] Buffer I/O error on device sdi, logical block 1797632
เพื่อให้ได้ผลลัพธ์นั้นในบันทึกฉันพยายามค้นหา LBA ที่มีปัญหาแรก (14381058 ในกรณีของฉัน) ด้วยคำสั่งนี้:
root@node51 [~]# dd if=/dev/sdi of=/dev/zero bs=512 count=1 skip=14381058
dd: error reading ‘/dev/sdi’: Input/output error
0+0 records in
0+0 records out
0 bytes (0 B) copied, 7.49287 s, 0.0 kB/s
ไม่น่าแปลกใจที่mdยอมแพ้! ไม่สามารถสร้างอาร์เรย์จากไดรฟ์ที่ไม่ดีได้
เทคโนโลยีใหม่ ( smartmontoolsความเข้ากันได้ของฮาร์ดแวร์ที่ดีกว่า) ทำให้ฉันสามารถรับข้อมูลSMARTจากไดรฟ์รวมถึงข้อผิดพลาดห้าข้อสุดท้าย (จากข้อผิดพลาด 1393 ครั้ง):
root@node51 [~]# smartctl -a /dev/sdi
smartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.0-43-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Hitachi Deskstar 5K3000
Device Model: Hitachi HDS5C3020ALA632
Serial Number: ML2220FA040K9E
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000cca 36ac1d394
Firmware Version: ML6OA800
User Capacity: 2,000,398,934,016 bytes [2.00 TB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: 5940 rpm
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4
SATA Version is: SATA 2.6, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Sun May 24 14:13:35 2015 CDT
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART STATUS RETURN: incomplete response, ATA output registers missing
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
Warning: This result is based on an Attribute check.
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x84) Offline data collection activity
was suspended by an interrupting command from host.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (21438) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 358) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 016 Pre-fail Always - 0
2 Throughput_Performance 0x0005 136 136 054 Pre-fail Offline - 93
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0007 172 172 024 Pre-fail Always - 277 (Average 362)
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 174
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 005 Pre-fail Always - 8
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 067 Pre-fail Always - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0005 146 146 020 Pre-fail Offline - 29
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0012 097 097 000 Old_age Always - 22419
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 060 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 161
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 900
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 900
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0002 127 127 000 Old_age Always - 47 (Min/Max 19/60)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 8
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 30
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0008 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x000a 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 2
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 1393 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 1393 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 22419 hours (934 days + 3 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 06 02 70 db 00 Error: UNC 6 sectors at LBA = 0x00db7002 = 14381058
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 08 00 70 db 40 00 1d+03:59:34.096 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 00 70 db 40 00 1d+03:59:30.334 READ DMA EXT
b0 d5 01 09 4f c2 00 00 1d+03:57:59.057 SMART READ LOG
b0 d5 01 06 4f c2 00 00 1d+03:57:58.766 SMART READ LOG
b0 d5 01 01 4f c2 00 00 1d+03:57:58.476 SMART READ LOG
Error 1392 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 22419 hours (934 days + 3 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 06 02 70 db 00 Error: UNC 6 sectors at LBA = 0x00db7002 = 14381058
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 08 00 70 db 40 00 1d+03:59:30.334 READ DMA EXT
b0 d5 01 09 4f c2 00 00 1d+03:57:59.057 SMART READ LOG
b0 d5 01 06 4f c2 00 00 1d+03:57:58.766 SMART READ LOG
b0 d5 01 01 4f c2 00 00 1d+03:57:58.476 SMART READ LOG
b0 d5 01 00 4f c2 00 00 1d+03:57:58.475 SMART READ LOG
Error 1391 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 22419 hours (934 days + 3 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 06 02 70 db 00 Error: UNC 6 sectors at LBA = 0x00db7002 = 14381058
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 08 00 70 db 40 00 1d+03:56:28.228 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 00 70 db 40 00 1d+03:56:24.549 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 00 70 db 40 00 1d+03:56:06.711 READ DMA EXT
25 00 10 f0 71 db 40 00 1d+03:56:06.711 READ DMA EXT
25 00 f0 00 71 db 40 00 1d+03:56:06.710 READ DMA EXT
Error 1390 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 22419 hours (934 days + 3 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 06 02 70 db 00 Error: UNC 6 sectors at LBA = 0x00db7002 = 14381058
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 08 00 70 db 40 00 1d+03:56:24.549 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 00 70 db 40 00 1d+03:56:06.711 READ DMA EXT
25 00 10 f0 71 db 40 00 1d+03:56:06.711 READ DMA EXT
25 00 f0 00 71 db 40 00 1d+03:56:06.710 READ DMA EXT
25 00 10 f0 70 db 40 00 1d+03:56:06.687 READ DMA EXT
Error 1389 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 22419 hours (934 days + 3 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 06 02 70 db 00 Error: UNC 6 sectors at LBA = 0x00db7002 = 14381058
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 08 00 70 db 40 00 1d+03:56:06.711 READ DMA EXT
25 00 10 f0 71 db 40 00 1d+03:56:06.711 READ DMA EXT
25 00 f0 00 71 db 40 00 1d+03:56:06.710 READ DMA EXT
25 00 10 f0 70 db 40 00 1d+03:56:06.687 READ DMA EXT
25 00 f0 00 70 db 40 00 1d+03:56:03.026 READ DMA EXT
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 21249 14381058
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
อ่า…ที่ทำมัน
ตอนนี้ฉันได้แก้ไขคำถามนี้ด้วยสามขั้นตอนง่ายๆ:
- เป็นผู้ดูแลระบบในสามปี
- ตรวจสอบบันทึก
- กลับมาที่ Super User และเสียงหัวเราะที่วิธีการของฉันจากสามปีที่ผ่านมา
อัปเดต (19 กรกฎาคม 2558):สำหรับทุกคนที่อยากรู้อยากเห็นในที่สุดไดรฟ์วิ่งออกจากภาคเพื่อทำการแมปใหม่:
root@node51 [~]# smartctl -a /dev/sdg
smartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.0-43-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Hitachi Deskstar 5K3000
Device Model: Hitachi HDS5C3020ALA632
Serial Number: ML2220FA040K9E
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000cca 36ac1d394
Firmware Version: ML6OA800
User Capacity: 2,000,398,934,016 bytes [2.00 TB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: 5940 rpm
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4
SATA Version is: SATA 2.6, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Sun Jul 19 14:00:33 2015 CDT
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART STATUS RETURN: incomplete response, ATA output registers missing
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: FAILED!
Drive failure expected in less than 24 hours. SAVE ALL DATA.
See vendor-specific Attribute list for failed Attributes.
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x85) Offline data collection activity
was aborted by an interrupting command from host.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 117) The previous self-test completed having
the read element of the test failed.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (21438) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 358) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000b 099 099 016 Pre-fail Always - 2
2 Throughput_Performance 0x0005 136 136 054 Pre-fail Offline - 93
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0007 163 163 024 Pre-fail Always - 318 (Average 355)
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 181
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 001 001 005 Pre-fail Always FAILING_NOW 1978
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000b 086 086 067 Pre-fail Always - 1245192
8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0005 146 146 020 Pre-fail Offline - 29
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0012 097 097 000 Old_age Always - 23763
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 060 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 167
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 092 092 000 Old_age Always - 10251
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0012 092 092 000 Old_age Always - 10251
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0002 111 111 000 Old_age Always - 54 (Min/Max 19/63)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 2927
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 33
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0008 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x000a 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 2
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 2240 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 2240 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 23763 hours (990 days + 3 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
10 51 f0 18 0f 2f 00 Error: IDNF 240 sectors at LBA = 0x002f0f18 = 3084056
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
35 00 f0 18 0f 2f 40 00 00:25:01.942 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 28 0e 2f 40 00 00:25:01.168 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 38 0d 2f 40 00 00:25:01.157 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 48 0c 2f 40 00 00:25:01.147 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 58 0b 2f 40 00 00:25:01.136 WRITE DMA EXT
Error 2239 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 23763 hours (990 days + 3 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
10 51 5a 4e f7 2e 00 Error: IDNF 90 sectors at LBA = 0x002ef74e = 3077966
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
35 00 f0 b8 f6 2e 40 00 00:24:57.967 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 c8 f5 2e 40 00 00:24:57.956 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 d8 f4 2e 40 00 00:24:57.945 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 e8 f3 2e 40 00 00:24:57.934 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 f8 f2 2e 40 00 00:24:57.924 WRITE DMA EXT
Error 2238 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 23763 hours (990 days + 3 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
10 51 40 a8 c6 2e 00 Error: IDNF 64 sectors at LBA = 0x002ec6a8 = 3065512
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
35 00 f0 f8 c5 2e 40 00 00:24:49.444 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 08 c5 2e 40 00 00:24:49.433 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 18 c4 2e 40 00 00:24:49.422 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 28 c3 2e 40 00 00:24:49.412 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 38 c2 2e 40 00 00:24:49.401 WRITE DMA EXT
Error 2237 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 23763 hours (990 days + 3 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
10 51 ea be ba 2e 00 Error: IDNF 234 sectors at LBA = 0x002ebabe = 3062462
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
35 00 f0 b8 ba 2e 40 00 00:24:39.263 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 c8 b9 2e 40 00 00:24:38.885 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 d8 b8 2e 40 00 00:24:38.874 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 e8 b7 2e 40 00 00:24:38.862 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 f8 b6 2e 40 00 00:24:38.852 WRITE DMA EXT
Error 2236 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 23763 hours (990 days + 3 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
10 51 86 c2 2a 2e 00 Error: IDNF 134 sectors at LBA = 0x002e2ac2 = 3025602
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
35 00 f0 58 2a 2e 40 00 00:24:25.605 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 68 29 2e 40 00 00:24:25.594 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 78 28 2e 40 00 00:24:25.583 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 88 27 2e 40 00 00:24:25.572 WRITE DMA EXT
35 00 f0 98 26 2e 40 00 00:24:25.561 WRITE DMA EXT
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short captive Completed: read failure 50% 23763 869280
# 2 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 22451 -
# 3 Short offline Completed without error 00% 22439 -
# 4 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 21249 14381058
1 of 2 failed self-tests are outdated by newer successful extended offline self-test # 2
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.